Healthcare Workers Vaccinating Healthcare Workers: Because of their contact with patients or infective material from patients, health-care workers are at risk for exposure to and possible transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases. Beyond hospitals, these recommendations are going to apply to those in private physicians’ offices, nursing homes, schools, and laboratories, and to
HeLa cells are the oldest and most commonly used human cell line used in making human research. Henrietta Lacks died in 1951 of an aggressive adenocarcinoma of the cervix. A tissue biopsy obtained for diagnostic evaluation yielded additional tissue for Dr. George O. Gey’s tissue culture laboratory at Johns Hopkins University. The cells, called
Hepatitis A is a viral infection that attacks the liver, causing asymptomatic-to-severe illness.Most often, HAV infection produces a self-limited illness that does NOT result in chronic infection or chronic liver disease. Infected adults develop signs and symptoms of illness more often than children. It is usually transmitted from person-to-person by ingestion of
Hepatitis C is one of several viruses that can cause viral hepatitis. The virus is unrelated to the other common causes hepatitis, hepatitis A and B viruses. There are at least six different hepatitis C genotypes or strains. Genotyping is used to guide treatment because some hepatitis C genotypes need
Herd immunity is a theory put forth describing immunity through vaccinating a significant portion of a population (called “the herd”). Since not everyone who receives a vaccine develops an antibody, it is presumed that if most are vaccinated, the “herd effect” will protect those without an antibody from getting